Mining-machine.



` G..B.LY.IIGH. .MINING MACHINE. v

APPLIOATIDN FILED JUNE 14) 1905. REBWED MAB... 2, 1914.

'Patented Oct. 6, 1914.v

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Mnimos.

G. E. LYNCH.

MINING MACHINE. I ARPLIOATION HLM) aims 14, 1905. RENBWBD MAR; z. 1914.

w 1,11 3,11 60.' Y A `1 Patented Oct. 6, 1914;.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

Witwe/oom l I GEORGE E. LYNCH, GF COLUMBUS, GHIO, ASSIGNOB. T0 AJOSEPH A. JEFFREY, OE

CQLUMBTUS, 01H0. l

Specification of Letters Patent Patented ct. d, this.

Application filed June 14, 1995, Serial No. 265,250. Renewed March 2, 1914. Seralflortd.

eiiiciency when combined with powerful re-` ciprocating tools in which the load is intermittently varied.

The principal object of my invention is to vprovide such a construction of parts that an electric motor can be used with more etliciency and to greater advantage than hasN been the case in motor driven tools of this class Vas heretofore constructed, andk to this end I have sought to maintain the load on the motor substantially constant although the work done by the tool proper is inter-` and the intermediate shaft. The crank shaft In the preferred construction by which the above object is attained, i combinewith 'the motor an lair compressor and utilize the air compressed by the motor.to drive the tool, 'the air after compression being suddenly released against a piston connected with the tool so as to snap the latter forward. Fun thermore the construction is such that the e'ort of the motor is almost continuously applied to the compression of the air, that' the power transmission devices between the motor and compressor piston are designed to rive the motor a mechanical advantage that increases at substantially the same rate as does the resistanceoiered by the air and that the energy of theA motor is absorbed by the iiy wheel devices during the brief intervals in which the tool is snapped forward. Clearly these conditions are adapted to give ae result approaching the ideal, viz., a constantniotor effort. v

ln the accompanying drawings I have illustrated an apparatus embodying my iinprovements which will be readily understood from the description below.'

Figure 1 is a 'side elevation of a coal mining machine constructed in accordance with ny invention, the near side plate or wall of the casing-being removed, and certain otheparts shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan i1-:remparts being shown in section. Fig 3 is a central,

vertical, longitudinal section of apart of the machine, including the air cylinder'and contiguousjparts, this view beingl on a larger scale `than Figs. l and 2. Figs'.,`.1i-ad 5 are 'face -views of the opposite sides'` otono of the operating disks C.

The machine shown is of the lclass of -un- Ldercutting pick machines used in the mining of coal. It' comprises .a main "frame 20 mounted on two truck wheels 30, the frame parts being preferablyconstructed and.

'soA

At the rear 'of the machine is mounted tlie electric motor- A., the armature shaft vof which hasthe prime pinion 1 meshing with the gear wheel 2 secured to an intermediate shaft which extends across the maohineand lcarries a pinion 3. The latter engages with the wheel 4 on the crank shaft H also mounted in sockets 2li carried by the side pieces or casing of the main frame transversely of the machine and parallel to the armature Ashaft has two crank pins I, I. I

i), B' are links pivotally connected to the reciprocating tool, one on one side of the longitudinal axis of the tool and theother on the other side. They are pivoted to the crosshead part K into which are tted the stock or shank Land the rod d, the shank L carrying the tool socket M and the rod J loe-l ing connected to the piston parts to be described. These links E are parts of a tog le system, their companion links being inaicated by E, E, one of the links Dbeing pivoted to one ot the links E. The links E are at their ulcrum ends mounted in bearings` consisting ofstuds orl bosses 21 formed on the side Walls of the frame or casing.

C, indicate the parts which impairl power tothe toggle system. They are sho-wn asformedof disks which have stud shafts or hubs which are mounted in the aforesaid bearinds that support the links E. Each of these disks has a rib lor projection at e, and

- connected to the disks C, C respectively by means of .pitmen F. Theparts are so related and are of such dimensions ,that when the crank shaft H is rotating it rocks but does not rotate the disks C, C.

The rod J which asv above stated forms one of the series of parts which constitute thev and compresses the air therein contained.4 Vhen the tool is released from the partsA connected with the motor the expansion of the air drives the piston N and tool connected therewith forward and a blow is imparted. n

The drawing backward of the tool and of the piston. and .their quick release are effected as follows: When the crank shaftH is being rotated by the'armature the pitmen F will draw the links E backward from the position shown in Fig. l, and these in turn will draw the links D, the tool and the piston backward with a corresponding movement. The links continue movingr in this direction until the radius of each link E reaches and has-passed beyond the. hori- Zontal plane of their fixed axes. As. soon as they have thus passed a little beyond this 3 0 plane, which occurs, at or 'a little after the instant -of the greatest compression of the air, these links E rapidly pass from the shoulder at Z around to the shoulder'or stop Z', the positions thus taken by the links E andconnected lins D being indicated by the dotted lines E and D in Fig. 1. 'Thus by' reason of the loose or lost motion connection between the toggle lever system and the drivin-g shaft, the links ll, during this 4p part of the cycle, are released from active connection with the motor driven parts. And while they are making this free movement the piston is released from any holding devices and under the expansion of the air in the cylinder B moves quickly forward as above described.

Approximately at the moment the piston and tool. start forward on their free stroke, the connecting rod F is inits rearmost position and starts immediately to move forward. By this latter'movement the disks C are rocked in the -opposite direction, and they in -turn bring .the links E backward again and also the tool and piston N, this continuing until the links E have got above the plane of their fixed axes when they are released a second time and the tool and piston again moved forward under the expansion of the air; and thus the cycleis repeated indefinitely.

It is clear that the effort of the motor,

exceptduring the brief interval in Whichthe piston and tool are snapped forward, is expended in forcing the piston back to compress the 4air. The brief interval re- Vwith transmission devices between the tool -and motor adapted to give the motor a' l ferred to* is bridged over by the' fly wheel action of the'vpa'rts Ll, I and I2, and therefore the resistance to the effort of the motor is continuous. A\nd not onlyjis it continnous but. also except for a. comparatively slight yfluctuation during the forward snap of the piston and toolf--and even this can be practically eliminated by usinga sutilcintly heavylly whecl.-the effort of the motor is vsubstantially constant. This result l attain by,means of the toggle lever .system in combination with the air cylinder and pistoni l have found that when the parts ot' a toggle lever system 'move from 'the position ofmini'mum to that of maxigo mum advantage, the rate of change .of-the narchanical 'advantage is at allv times approxiniately the same as the'ra-te of increase of the resistance of air subjected to com-' pression by the toggle levers. VIt is'clear g5 that the 'gearing which I have designed to transn'lit' power from the motors to .the toggle levers gives the latter agrange of n'ioven'ientsuch as that referred to, and I' therefore attain the desired result. viz.. a practically constant load on the motor.

iVhilef, as now advised. l prefer a mechanism comprising;- the toggle lever system and the ai-r cylinder and. piston for-attaining: the desired end, it should be under vStood that l do not limit my invention to such devices. (ln the contrary .my invention contemplates the use of'any suitable resilient means `for snapping` the tool forwardin combination mechanical advantage that varies throufrhout the retraction of the tool in approximately the same proportion as does the resistance of the resilient means.

' I .have use d the expression "mechanical advantage as having av generic meaningr broader than that of thefword leverage. That is. to say, the expression is used to describe what would properly be described by the wordleverage'if only a lever or levers were employed to'connect the motor to the tool elements. The expression is properly applicable to a motor orothcr driver which is connected to a driven device by any of the mechanical powers.

lf soar-range the piston N, the'cylinder B andadjacent parts that there shall be an aircushion chamber ahead of the pist-on when it makes its forward stroke. To insure `that there shall be air of the proper amount and pressure inthis chamber at each stroke I form a port ll in the wall ofl the cylinder at'the proper point which port -is passed by the piston as it moves forward 125, so that the inclosed body o f air can be compressed and serve as a cushion, this vpreventing shock i-n case the tool fails'to -strike or perform work.v V

As there is liability for the air in the 13o 1,1 iaieo main chamber of the cylinder B to fall below the desired volume and pressure, as by leakage, I prefer to provide mechanism vfor keeping up a predeterminedV pressure. O indicates a piston or plunger mounted in a compressor cylinder O. The plunger is reciprocated by an eccentric Q, on the crank shaft H. P is an inlet port, and at R there is a -spring-held valve. By these devices a body of air can be kept under pressure in the reservoir W, and this air can be admitted to the cylinder B through a valve at X whose retaining devices can Vbe so set that the valve will open as soon as the diiference between the pressure in the cylinder B and that in the reservoir W has reached the predetermined point. I

As the reciprocations of the piston and the blows of the tool create more or less lvibration which is harmful for the' motor I have vdevised a novelmounting for the drill engine. AThe motor, together with its armature shaft and the intermediate shaft are mounted in plates or frame pieces 23 which are pivotally' or flexibly connected tothe rest of the structure, the axis of thecrank'shaft H being the axis of the union. The main frame or the frame which lsupports the cylinder, the piston and the tool can vibrate independently -of the motor-frame, and vice versa. To provide a resilientv abutment between them I employ springs at G which bear in one direction against the tool frame and in the otherdirection against the motor or motorframe, these being held in place by boltsvG.

What I claim is l. The combination of a frame, 'a recipro? eating tool mounted on the frame, a piston connected to the tool, an air compression cylinder in which said piston w0rks,a toggle lever-system connected to and adapted to retract the tool and piston, an Aelectric motor mounted on' the said frame, and power transmitting devices between the motor and toggle lever system adapted to convertthe continuous rotation of the motor in to a reversing or oscillatory movement of the toggle levers, said transmission devices comprising Yparts havinga lost motion connection.

2. The combination of a frame, a reciproeating-tool mounted on the frame, means comprising resilient means tending to force the tool'forward, a toggle lever system connected to andadapted to retract thel tool, an

electric motor mounted on the frame, and

power transmitting devices between the mel tor and toggle lever system adapted to ccnvert the continuous rotation of the meter into a reversing orloscillatory movement of the toggle levers, said transmission devices the tool against the tension of the said resilia ent means and then releasing it, said transmission devices being constructed and arranged to transmitthe power oi the motor with a mechanical advantage that is variable throughout the retraction of the-tool in ap proximately the sameproportion as the resistance-of the said resilient means.

' 4., The combination of a frame, a reciprocating tool mounted on the frame, a piston connected to the tool, an air compression cylinder in which said piston works, an electric motor mounted on the frame, means comprising a toggle joint for transmitting power from the motor to the piston and tool to retract the latter against' the pressure of air, and means whereby the driving element of said toggle joint -is limited to a movement of approximately ninety degrees-from its position corresponding to maximum mechanical advantage.

5. The combination. of-a frame, a recipreeating tool mounted thereon, 'mea-ns comprising resilient means acting to force the tool forward, a 'toggle'leven system having one arm mounted to swing `about a fixed ams, and another arm connected to the tocl, whereby the swinging of the'iirst mentioned arm effects the retraction of the tool, an electric motor mounted on the frame-admit mounted on the said xed axis having a lost. motion engagement with the rst mentioned swinging toggle arm, and ower transmission means-for converting t e continuous rotation of the motor into a reversing or osciiia tory movement of the said disl{.

In testimony whereof I ax my' signature, in presence of two witnesses.

Gnd-Jn. prima.

Witnesses l FRANK H. CHURCH,

H. S. RANsoM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for .five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ei Eatents,

' Wasiingten, 19, 'CK' 

